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Judge Marla Graff Decker

Police officer frisking man
Dec 17, 2025

New information justified second frisk for firearm

The Court of Appeals of Virginia ruled police may conduct a second Terry frisk when new witness information creates reasonable suspicion of a firearm.

Dec 14, 2025

Constitutional: Ecclesiastical-abstention doctrine bars claims over temple membership

Where several individuals sought a declaration that they were members of a Buddhist temple, but resolution of these claims on their merits would require entanglement in questions of religious faith and doctrine, the court could not resolve those claims.

Dec 11, 2025

Criminal: Man convicted of rape of 11-year old

Where the record supported a man’s convictions for abduction, abduction with intent to defile and possession of child pornography, they were affirmed.

Dec 8, 2025

Search and Seizure: Second frisk of defendant was reasonable

Where an officer arriving at the scene of an armed robbery initially frisked the defendant and found no weapons, but witnesses then identified him to a different officer as the individual who brandished the firearm in the store and described the weapon as one with an extended magazine, the second officer’s frisk was reasonable.

Nov 30, 2025

Criminal: Evidence supports possession with intent to distribute conviction

Where the defendant had over 274 grams of methamphetamine mixture in his possession, told an officer that he intended to sell it and had other indicia of drug sales (drug scale and cash), his conviction for possessing methamphetamine with the intent to distribute was affirmed.

Nov 10, 2025

Domestic Relations: Father’s challenge to support obligation is rejected

Where father argued the circuit court should have ordered that mother’s support obligation apply retroactively to the date he served her with his petition to modify support, but the record did not include allow the documents necessary to allow the appellate court to address this issue, the circuit court’s order was affirmed.

Oct 20, 2025

Search and Seizure: Search of bedroom was within scope of warrant

Where the warrant authorized the search of the entire house, and nothing about the first-floor bedroom distinguished it as a discrete area that was not accessible to the target of the warrant or subject to search under the warrant, the motion to suppress filed by the occupant of that bedroom was denied.

Sep 8, 2025

Search and Seizure: Drug-sniffing dog’s responses provided basis for search

Where a drug-sniffing canine engaged in a display of distinctive nontrained behavioral changes that were sufficient to provide her handler with probable cause to believe that she detected the odor of illegal drugs in the defendant’s car, the defendant’s motion to suppress was denied.

Sep 2, 2025

Search and Seizure: Circuit court wrongly granted motion to suppress

Where an officer saw a clear plastic baggie with a white substance on the floor next to the driver’s door of a vehicle that the defendant exited and locked, the officer had probable cause to arrest the defendant.

May 27, 2025

Jury and jurors: ‘Allen’ charge wasn’t an abuse of discretion

Where the jury initially stated it reached a verdict, but one juror then stated “that is not what I voted for” after the clerk read the verdicts, the trial court did not err when it gave the jury an Allen charge and directed them to deliberate further.

Apr 28, 2025

Criminal: Man convicted of killing missing woman

Where the evidence was sufficient to prove the defendant maliciously killed a woman after learning she was going to leave him, he was convicted of second-degree murder and concealing a dead body.

Apr 20, 2025

Insurance: Church prevails in dispute over roof repair

Where an independent umpire agreed that roof damage would cost nearly $1.7 million to repair, instead of the less than $69,000 estimated by the insurer’s appraiser, and the insurer invoked a provision in the Virginia Uniform Arbitration Act when it challenged that appraisal, the circuit court dismissed the lawsuit. The insurer failed to show the appraisal award qualifies as an arbitration award.

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